【全文翻译】新正史版与旧EU版的《塔金主义》

墨雪飘·痕

The Tarkin Doctrine
塔金主义

翻译：墨雪飘·痕

新正史版（摘录自长篇小说《塔金》第二十二章）

The factor that contributed most to the demise of the Republic was not, in fact, the war, but rampant self-interest. Endemic to the political process our ancestors engineered, the insidious pursuit of self-enrichment grew only more pervasive through the long centuries, and in the end left the body politic feckless and corrupt. Consider the self-interest of the Core Worlds, unwavering in their exploitation of the Outer Systems for resources; the Outer Systems themselves, undermined by their permissive disregard of smuggling and slavery; those ambitious members of the Senate who sought only status and opportunity.
事实上，导致共和国覆灭的最重要因素，并非战争，而是利己主义的猖獗。对个人财富的不自觉追求在我们祖先所设计的那套政治程序中很流行，数个世纪过后，它变得越发普遍，最终留下一个软弱无能、腐败堕落的国家。想想核心世界在开发外行星系资源时毫不动摇的利己主义；想想因纵容走私与奴隶制度而逐渐受到损害的外行星系自身；想想那些野心勃勃只追求地位与机遇的议会成员。
The reason our Emperor was able to negotiate the dark waters that characterized the terminal years of the Republic and remain at the helm through a catastrophic war that spanned the galaxy is that he has never been interested in status or self-glorification. On the contrary, he has been tireless in his devotion to unify the galaxy and assure the well-being of its myriad populations. Now, with the institution of sector and oversector governance, we are in the unique position to repay our debt to the Emperor for his decades of selfless service, by lifting some of the burden of quotidian rulership from his shoulders. By partitioning the galaxy into regions, we actually achieve a unity previously absent; where once our loyalties and allegiances were divided, they now serve one being, with one goal: a cohesive galaxy in which everyone prospers. For the first time in one thousand generations our sector governors will not be working solely to enrich Coruscant and the Core Worlds, but to advance the quality of life in the star systems that make up each sector—keeping the spaceways safe, maintaining open and accessible communications, assuring that tax revenues are properly levied and allocated to improving the infrastructure. The Senate will likewise be made up of beings devoted not to their own enrichment, but to the enrichment of the worlds they represent.
之所以我们的皇帝能渡过象征共和国末年的黑暗水域并在席卷银河系的灾难性战争中始终掌舵，是因为他对地位或自我吹嘘从不感兴趣。相反，他一直不知疲倦地致力于统一银河系并确保广大人民的幸福安康。现在，随着星区与大区总督制的建立，我们处在一个回报皇帝数十年来无私奉献的独特位置，即从他的肩上分担一些日常管理的重负。通过对银河系的划区，我们其实实现了前所未有的统一；我们曾经各有忠心，如今只效忠一个人，心怀一个目标：一个共同繁荣、团结一致的银河系。一千代人以来第一次，我们的星区总督将不再仅仅谋求科洛桑及核心世界的富足，而将提高每个星区每个行星系的人民生活质量——保证太空航路的安全，维持通讯的畅通便捷，确保税收收入合理征收和分配到基础设施的完善上。同样，组成议会的议员将不再一心只为自己谋利，而将为所代表的星球谋利。
This bold vision of the future requires not only the service of those of immaculate reputation and consummate skill in the just exercise of power, but also the service of a vast military dedicated to upholding the laws necessary to ensure galactic harmony. It may appear to some that the enactment of universal laws and the widespread deployment of a heavily armed military are steps toward galactic domination, but these actions are taken merely to protect us from those who would invade, enslave, exploit, or foment political dissent, and to punish accordingly any who engage in such acts. Look on our new military not as trespassers or interlopers, but as gatekeepers, here to shore up the Emperor’s vision of a pacified and prosperous galaxy.
这一对未来的大膽构想，不仅需要那些拥有完美声誉及圆熟技巧的人来公正地行使权力，也需要一支巨大的军队献身于对必要法律的支持，这些法律将确保银河系的和谐。或许在某些人看来，实施普遍适用的法律和广泛部署全副武装的军队是在向支配全银河迈进，但采取这些行动只是为了保护我们免受入侵、奴役、剥削或政治异议煽动的危害，并相应地惩罚任何参与其中的人。不要将我们的新军队看作侵扰者或干涉者，要将其看作守护者，其存在是为了支持皇帝建设一个和平繁荣银河系的愿景。

译者注：14 BBY，威尔赫夫·塔金被皇帝封为帝国第一位高级星区总督，负责督管外环。上文是塔金在升官后接受一系列采访时的发言，媒体将其称为“塔金主义”。

墨雪飘·痕

旧EU版本一（摘录自《帝国资料集》）

To: His Imperial Majesty, Emperor Palpatine
收件人：帕尔帕廷皇帝陛下
From: Governor Tarkin, Seswenna sector, Eriadu
发件人：西斯温纳星区埃里亚杜星的塔金总督
Regarding: Increasing the security of the Empire
主题：加强帝国的安全
Your Majesty:
陛下：
It has recently come to my attention that what had previously been the quiet grumbling of malcontents on backwater worlds has become dissidence in more civilized systems. Your Majesty will forgive me if I am repeating foundless rumors, but I have heard there is even armed defiance in some sectors.
最近有一个现象引起了我的关注：以前，只有在偏僻落后的星球，才有对现状不满的人心怀怨言；如今，在较文明的行星系，也有人持不同政见。我听说，在某些星区甚至出现了武装叛乱行为——如果这纯属无稽之谈，那么请陛下恕罪。
Coupled with increased resistance to your plans from hot-headed young Senators, this has given me pause to think about our long term security arrangements. I myself have been frustrated chasing pirate bands in my sector, only to have them leap deep into another sector where my forces cannot follow without running into conflict with another Moff and the advisor who supports him. If the scattered armed resistance should become organized, they will doubtless learn from the example of other criminal brethen. Granting any rebels the advantage of elusiveness is foolhardy.
再加上您的各种计划持续遭到头脑发热的年轻议员们的抵制，这让我不得不深思我们的长期安全措施。我自己曾恼火地在我的星区追捕海盗帮派，不料他们跳入了别的星区深处，我的部队若继续追击，势必与别的星区总督及支持他的顾问发生冲突。分散的武装抵抗力量要变得组织化，其罪犯同党无疑会成为效仿对象。给任何叛匪逃避制裁的机会都是不明智的。
I have also noticed that even the excellent pace with which Your Majesty is strengthening his fleets can scarcely provide security for the Empire should a significant number of planets begin to defy your will. We are many years away from a force vast enough to secure every system simultaneously.
我还注意到一点：尽管陛下在高速增强舰队，但如果有相当数量的行星开始公然违抗您的意志，即便是帝国舰队现有的扩军速度也难以提供安全保障。我们还需要许多年才能建立起一支规模足够大的军队，同时确保每一个行星系的安全。
I therefore wish that you would consider my recommendations on the following points:
因此，我希望您能考虑我提出的以下几点建议：
To provide a swift, systematic response to rebellion as it appears, rather than waiting until it is entrenched, I suggest the formation of Oversectors—sectors consisting of systems in which rebellion is newly born, or systems which maintain frequent contact with systems in chronic unrest. These Oversectors would be formed without regard for the boundaries of standard sectors. The forces of an Oversector would be able to respond to threats quickly, while the threats are small.
为了在叛乱出现时做出迅速而有序的回应，不给其根深蒂固的时间，我建议设立大区——由存在叛乱萌芽的行星系或与处于长期动荡的行星系保持频繁联系的行星系所组成的多个星区。建立这些大区时不应考虑标准星区的边界。大区的部队将能在威胁尚小时便做出快速反应。
Liquidating a dozen small threats is easier than rooting out one well established center of defiance. As an Oversector is created only from problem worlds, they should be given a greater quantity of forces than an ordinary sector. I would think that three Sector Groups should be the average.
消灭十几个小威胁比铲除一个根基牢固的叛乱中心容易。由于大区只是在问题星球的基础上创建的，因此与常规星区相比，派驻大区的部队规模必须更大。我认为平均每个大区应派驻三个星区舰队群。
Give the command of an Oversector to a single individual who reports directly to you. This will bypass any delays caused by political opportunnism in your advisors.
每个大区的管辖权应授予单个直接向您负责的人。这将避免因您那些顾问的政治投机而造成的任何延误。
Cannibalize existing HoloNet transceivers, modify them for use and put them in the flagship of every Sector Group in an Oversector command. Place similar facilities within His Majesty's command ship and within Imperial City. This will enable your forces to respond to threats in minutes rather than hours or days after the
fact. Imperial forces will be able to coordinate to a degree impossible among an enemy, whose fastest means of communication is a rendezvous at a common system.
拆掉现有的全息网收发器，改造它们的用途，把它们安装到大区指挥部每个星区舰队群的旗舰上。在陛下的指挥舰和帝国城内也安置类似的设施。这将使您的部队能在几分钟内，而非事发几小时或几天后，应对威胁。敌人最快捷的通讯手段不过是在某个普通行星系会合，相比之下，帝国部队将能以敌人望尘莫及的效率协调行动。
Rule through the fear of force rather than through force itself. If we use our strength wisely, we shall cow thousands of worlds which might otherwise consider rebellion to some degree. We can do this through superior coordination and manipulation of information. For example Oversector groups could coordinate to make a series of devastating attacks upon known planets of resistance, taking care to eliminate any fleeing vessels capable of making hyperspace. The operation would take several days in order to jump to all suspect planets in the area of operation.
通过对武力的恐惧而非武力本身进行统治。如果明智运用我们的力量，我们将威吓成千上万可能会滋生某种程度叛乱的星球。我们能通过高度的协调行动和对信息的操纵来做到这一点。例如，多个大区舰队群可以协同对已知有抵抗力量盘踞的多个行星发动一系列毁灭性打击，务必消灭一切能跃入超空间逃跑的飞船。该作战应持续数日，以覆盖作战区域内所有有嫌疑的行星。
After the operation, we could report to the media that a single Oversector group conducted a single day operation (without specifying the day) which was successful, eliminating resistance on each of the worlds included in the operation. Granting the citizens the impression of an overwhelming force, one against which resistance would be futile, would certainly reduce the chance of a citizen fostering such resistance.
作战结束后，我们可以向媒体报告说，单个大区舰队群实施的单日作战行动（不具体说明是哪一日）取得了成功，在行动中消灭了每颗星球的抵抗力量。百姓会从中得到一个印象：我们拥有一支具有压倒性力量的部队，在这支部队面前任何抵抗都是徒劳的。这样势必会减少百姓企图谋反的可能性。
Your Majesty, it has long been my contention that the average citizen has no grasp of numbers nor a head for calculation. I maintain that one of the reasons for the effectiveness of the Star Destroyer is its size. When citizens look at a Star Destroyer and then look at the craft which might be made available to attack it, even the best mind among them wishes to reject the notion rather than approach the problem tactically.
陛下，我长期以来一直持有一个观点：平民百姓对数量没有概念，也没有计算的头脑。我坚持认为，歼星舰的效力来源之一正是其庞大的尺寸。在百姓眼中，将歼星舰与可能会攻击它的飞船相比较时，即使是他们当中最聪明的头脑也会摒弃攻击歼星舰的想法，而非在战术上思考这一问题的可行性。
I think this effect could be exploited to a far greater degree. The average citizen deals in symbols, not rational analysis. If we present the citizen with a weapon so powerful, so immense as to defy all conceivable attack against it, a weapon invulnerable and invincible in battle, that shall become the symbol for the Empire. We may need only a handful, perhaps only one of these weapons, to subjugate thousands of thousands of worlds, each containing millions upon millions of beings.
我认为这一效应可以被利用到远大于当前的程度。平民百姓不会理性分析，只会接受象征性的符号。如果我们为百姓送上一种火力极其强大、体积无比巨大、可抵挡一切能想的攻击的武器，一种在战斗中坚不可摧、所向无敌的武器，那这定会成为帝国的象征。我们可能只需少量——或许只要一个——这种武器，就能制服成千上万颗星球，每颗星球都有成百上千万人口。
This single weapon must have force great enough to dispatch an entire system, and the fear it shall inspire will be great enough for you to rule the galaxy unchallenged. What do you need with the senatorial council when you can give direct control of territories to the regional governors? Sweep away the last remnants of the Old Republic and let fear keep the local systems in line — fear of our ultimate weapon.
这单个武器必须拥有足以对付一整个行星系的巨大力量。它所激发的恐惧将巨大到足以使您能不受挑战地统治银河系。当您可以将领土交给地区总督直接控制时，议会委员会对您又有何用？扫除旧共和国的最后残余，让恐惧管束地方行星系——对我们终极武器的恐惧。

墨雪飘·痕

旧EU版本二（摘录自《死星技术指南》）

To: His Imperial Majesty, Emperor Palpatine
收件人：帕尔帕廷皇帝陛下
From: Governor Tarkin, Seswenna sector, Eriadu
发件人：西斯温纳星区埃里亚杜星的塔金总督
Regarding: Increasing the security of the Empire
主题：加强帝国的安全
Your Majesty:
陛下：
It has recently come to my attention that what had previously been the quiet grumbling of malcontents on backwater worlds has become dissidence in more civilized systems. Your Majesty will forgive me if I am repeating foundless rumors, but I have heard there is even armed defiance in some sectors.
最近有一个现象引起了我的关注：以前，只有在偏僻落后的星球，才有对现状不满的人心怀怨言；如今，在较文明的行星系，也有人持不同政见。我听说，在某些星区甚至出现了武装叛乱行为——如果这纯属无稽之谈，那么请陛下恕罪。
Coupled with increased resistance to your plans from hot-headed young Senators, this situation has given me pause to think about our long term security arrangements. I myself have been frustrated chasing pirate bands in my sector, only to have them leap deep into a neighboring sector where my forces cannot follow without running into conflict with another Moff. If the scattered armed resistance should become organized, it will doubtless follow the example of its criminal brethen. Granting any rebel group the advantage of elusiveness is foolhardy at best. At worst, it could lead to our destruction.
再加上您的各种计划持续遭到头脑发热的年轻议员们的抵制，这样的局势让我不得不深思我们的长期安全措施。我自己曾恼火地在我的星区追捕海盗帮派，不料他们跳入了临近星区深处，我的部队若继续追击，势必与别的星区总督发生冲突。分散的武装抵抗力量要变得组织化，其罪犯同党无疑会成为效仿对象。给任何叛匪小组逃避制裁的机会都是不明智的，重则会导致我们灭亡。
Even the excellent pace with which His Majesty is increasing the size of the Imperial Fleet can scarcely hope to provide all-encompassing security should a significant number of planets decide to defy your New Order. We are years—perhaps decades—away from a force vast enough to secure every system and every world simultaneously.
尽管陛下在高速扩大舰队规模，但如果有相当数量的行星决定违抗您的新秩序，即便是帝国舰队现有的扩军速度也难以提供全面的安全保障。我们还需数年——也许数十年——才能建立起一支规模足够大的军队，同时确保每一个行星系和每一颗星球的安全。
Therefore, I present the following recommendations for your consideration:
因此，我提出了以下几点建议供您考虑：
To provide a swift, systematic response to rebellion as it appears and before it has time to entrench, I suggest the formation of Oversectors—sectors consisting of systems in which rebellion is newly born, or systems which maintain frequent contact with systems in chronic unrest. These Oversectors would be formed without regard to current sector boundaries. With the freedom to cross outdated political borders, Oversector forces would be able to respond to threats quickly, while they are still small and manageable.
为了在叛乱出现且尚未根深蒂固时做出迅速而有序的应对，我建议设立大区——由存在叛乱萌芽的行星系或与处于长期动荡的行星系保持频繁联系的行星系所组成的多个星区。建立这些大区时不应考虑当前的星区边界。由于可以自由跨越过时的政治边界，大区的部队将能在威胁尚处于微小和可控的阶段时便做出快速反应。
Liquidating a dozen small threats is easier than rooting out one well-established center of defiance. As an Oversector is created only across problem sectors, they must be given a greater quantity of forces than a normal sector. Three Sector Groups should suffice.
消灭十几个小威胁比铲除一个根基牢固的叛乱中心容易。由于大区只跨越问题星区创建，因此与普通星区相比，派驻每个大区的部队规模必须更大。三个星区舰队群应能满足需求。
Command of an Oversector should be given to a single individual who reports directly to His Majesty. This will bypass any delays caused by political opportunnism in your advisors.
每个大区的管辖权应授予单个直接向陛下负责的人。这将避免因您那些顾问的政治投机而造成的任何延误。
Cannibalize existing holonet transceivers, modify them, and put them in the flagship of every Sector Group in an Oversector command. Place similar facilities within His Majesty's command ship and within the Royal Palaces of Imperial City. This will enable forces to respond to threats almost as quickly as they are reported. Imperial forces will be able to coordinate to a degree impossible among an enemy whose fastest means of communication is an ever changing rendezvous point somewhere in the galaxy.
拆掉现有的全息网收发器，改造它们，把它们安装到大区指挥部每个星区舰队群的旗舰上。在陛下的指挥舰和帝国城的皇宫内也安置类似的设施。这将使部队能几乎一接到报告便迅速应对威胁。敌人最快捷的通讯手段不过是一个在银河系不断变换的会合点，相比之下，帝国部队将能以敌人望尘莫及的效率协调行动。
Rule through the fear of force rather than through force itself. If we use our strength wisely, we shall cow thousands of worlds with the example of a select few. These examples would need to be highly visible worlds, whose punishment would be further revealed through our control of information via the hyper media.
通过对武力的恐惧而非武力本身进行统治。如果明智运用我们的力量，我们只需挑选少数几颗星球作为示范，便可起到杀一儆百的效果。被选作示范的必须是能引起公众高度关注的星球，我们可以通过超空间媒体控制信息，进一步展示对他们的惩罚。
Your Majesty, it has long been my contention that your New Order needs one undeniable and overwhelming symbol to impress and, yes, frighten the masses. The average citizen has no grasp of numbers nor a head for calculation. I maintain that the effectiveness of the Star Destroyer stems from not only its massive firepower, but from its size. When citizens look at a Star Destroyer and then compare it to the craft which might be mustered to attack it, they have a tendency to dismiss such a notion as suicidal rather than approach the problem tactically.
陛下，我长期以来一直持有一个观点：您的新秩序必需有一个不可否认且具有压倒性力量的象征，它能被民众牢记而且，没错，威慑他们。平民百姓对数量没有概念，也没有计算的头脑。我坚持认为，歼星舰的效力不仅源自其强大的火力，更源自其庞大的尺寸。当看到一艘歼星舰，然后将其与可能会被招来攻击它的飞船相比较时，百姓们会倾向于认为攻击歼星舰无异于自杀，从而摒弃这一想法，而非在战术上思考这一问题的可行性。
This natural state can be exploited to a far greater degree, as the average citizen deals in symbols, not rational analysis. If we present the galaxy with a weapon so powerful, so immense as to defy all conceivable opposition against it, a weapon invulnerable and invincible in battle, then that weapon shall become the symbol of the Empire. We need only a handful, perhaps as few as one, of these weapons to subjugate a thousand worlds. It must have force enough to dispatch an entire system, power enough to shatter planets. The fear such a weapon will inspire will be great enough for you to rule the galaxy unchallenged. What do you need with the Senate when you can give direct control of territories to your hand-picked regional governors? Sweep away the last remnants of the Old Republic and let fear keep the local systems in line—fear of our ultimate weapon.
鉴于平民百姓不会理性分析，只会接受象征性的符号，这一自然状态可以被利用到远大于当前的程度。如果我们为银河系送上一种火力极其强大、体积无比巨大、可抵挡一切能想到的敌对行为的武器，一种在战斗中坚不可摧、所向无敌的武器，那这一武器定会成为帝国的象征。我们只需少量——或许仅仅一个——这种武器，便可制服一千颗星球。它必须拥有足以对付一整个行星系的力量，足以粉碎行星的威力。这种武器所激发的恐惧将巨大到足以使您能不受挑战地统治银河系。当您可以将领土交给由您亲手挑选的地区总督直接控制时，议会对您又有何用？扫除旧共和国的最后残余，让恐惧管束地方行星系——对我们终极武器的恐惧。
I am ready to begin work to implement these steps at your word.
我已准备好遵照您的圣谕开始实施这些步骤。

译者注：按旧EU设定，本文是时任星区总督的威尔赫夫·塔金直接发送给帕尔帕廷皇帝的一份通讯文件，日后被称为“塔金主义”，帝国实施的一系列政策正是基于塔金在这份文件中的提议。由于收录在《帝国资料集》（Imperial Sourcebook）与《死星技术指南》（Death Star Technical Companion）的文本在内容上有一定差异，故在此一并列出。

墨雪飘·痕

可以明显看出，由于出现年代较早（上世纪九十年代初），旧EU的“塔金主义”在涉及建造死星的内容方面与日后的前传电影有严重冲突，而如今的新正史更是将“塔金主义”这一称呼冠名给了另外一份文本。但是，这并不意味着旧EU的“塔金主义”就彻底遭到了抹消。事实上，小说《塔金》的作者詹姆斯·卢塞尼奥在构架塔金的成长历程时，成功地将旧“塔金主义”的核心思想——即源自EP4《新希望》的“凭借恐惧进行统治”的思想——融入了其中，相当完善地诠释了塔金这一思想观念逐步建立的过程。